Kentucky Coal Museum--Benham, KY, July 25, 2019

As I mentioned in my previous blog post about our long road trip to Harlan County and beyond, my wife Candice and I toured the Kentucky Coal Museum in Benham, Kentucky, on July 25, 2019.  I am involved in a large research project about a particular coal camp town right now and I am deeply immersed in as much coal camp information as I can gather which has been reflected in many of my recent blog posts.  Even though it is a bit far flung from my main research interest, Candice and I both wanted to go to Harlan to the museum and thought the trip was worth while.  It really was worth while.  I have been fascinated and greatly pleased that a little over two  years ago the museum converted to solar power but I did not discuss it with the employee on duty since most of the early questions I asked her seemed to be a bit over her head.  That was the only negative aspect of the entire experience in my mind.  I would have loved to meet a docent who actually knew a lot about the museum, the industry, and life in the area as far back as 125 years ago.  The other biggest knock on the place is that, like most museums, art galleries, and zoos, you enter the place directly into the store area where they are hawking everything from soup to nuts.  

But the museum is located in an old store or office building has has four levels with displays.  There is the ground level, a mezzanine above that, a second story above that, and a basement which is primarily filled with coal mining tools and a facsimile mine.  I took as many photos as I could and they allow you to take photos freely which is great.  The collection is diverse, reasonably well curated, and organized into logical sections according to subject matter.  There are several photos and other material from Drift, KY, in Floyd County which was a surprise since that mine was near where I grew up.  There is also a fairly large display of Loretta Lynn material which has some logical connection because of her "Coal Miner's Daughter" record and book and the fact that she grew up in Van Lear, KY, a coal camp in Johnson County.  There is also a small museum in Van Lear which is not nearly as complete, well curated, or diverse.  I am going to add as many photographs to this post as I can logically and will, from this point on,  and will make only short explanatory notes where necessary.  I hope my readers will enjoy this blog post, tour the Coal Museum on your own, and read the other posts which I have provided links to in this piece.  

The mezzanine level, which we visited first has a large collection of memorabilia from the several local schools which existed in Harlan County before consolidation.  These are the schools which the children of coal miners attended until the mergers began.  This is a sports letter sweater from Lynch High School which no longer exists.   

ALL PHOTOS ARE BY ROGER D. HICKS AND ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED UNDER US COPYRIGHT LAW.  DO NOT USE ANY PHOTOS FROM THIS BLOG WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM ROGER D. HICKS. 

Lynch High School Letterman's Sweater--Photo by Roger D. Hicks

This is obviously a Lynch High School cheerleader's uniform which was worn by a girl named Joyce. 

Lynch High School cheerleader's uniform--Photo by Roger D. Hicks

Car Decorator Plate from Benham, KY, the home of the museum--Photo by Roger D. Hicks

Below we have a pre-employment warning sign which would have been posted near the entrance to the coal company employment office and harks back to signs which used to appear in New York City which said things like "No Irish Need To Apply".  In the early era of coal mining in Appalachia, companies could get away with all sorts of discrimination and maltreatment which would be crimes today. 

Pre-employment Warning Sign from Benham--Photo by Roger D. Hicks

Life Sized Carved Wood Bust of a Coal Miner--Photo by Roger D. Hicks

I assume this sign, hand written with a finger in coal dust is authentic although I did not ask.  If you read it carefully, it says, "42 men alive in Left Mar 4, 1915 at 4:30pm

This is the coal camp church display in the museum.  Notice that the museum staff worked diligently to make the church racially integrated with an African American minister.  But most companies owned the buildings in which the churches were held or built racially segregated churches for both races and strictly controlled who could preach in them, what they could preach, and who they could preach it to.  For instance, read about the churches in the book I reviewed recently, "Coal People Life In Southern Colorado's Company Towns".  Also, some mention of this subject takes place in George D. Torok's book, "A Guide To Historic Coal Towns Of The Big Sandy River Valley" which is reviewed at this link.  While all the same practices were not followed from state to state or company to company, the companies universally used every device at their disposal in order to control every aspect of coal camp life.  Interestingly, in Eastern Kentucky and parts of Southern West Virginia and Western Virginia, the Old Regular Baptist Church was a big influence on the people of coal camps and always owned their own churches which were also always outside the city limits such asd the Steele's Creek ORB Church at Wayland where the moderator, E. Hawk Moore,  was also a miner and served as the funeral committeeman for the UMWA for many years.  But it is also necessary to note that the ORB church did not usually meddle much in coal company matters and their churches only held services on site one weekend each month which was throwback to the days of the circuit riding preachers in Appalachia. 

Here is a photo of a wonderful coal and wood burning cook stove on the floor of the museum which houses most of the items related to Loretta Lynn.  However, please note that nothing in the section particularly seems to be labeled as having been owned by Loretta Lynn or her family. 

Here is a wonderful Singer treadle sewing machine from the bedroom of that same section of the museum.  The bedroom suite of which the chest of drawers is partially visible appears to be from the late 1950's or early 1960's based on the type of drawer pulls it has.

The section of the museum which represents stores, both country stores and company stores takes me back to my childhood growing up in a country store.  They have a great collection of period appropriate items in the shelves along with a good scale from about the 1950's. 

I hope you have enjoyed this insight into the collections at the museum.  But please do not allow these photographs to prevent you from actually taking a trip to Benham, KY, to tour the museum.  If you have any interest in or connection to coal camp towns and coal mining, you will appreciate their collections. 

ALL PHOTOS ARE BY ROGER D. HICKS AND ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED UNDER US COPYRIGHT LAW.  DO NOT USE ANY PHOTOS FROM THIS BLOG WITHOUT EXPRESS WRITTEN PERSMISSION FROM ROGER D. HICKS. 

A Long Day Trip In The Mountains, July 25, 2019

"The Miner's Home", Photo By Roger D. Hicks

Yesterday, July 25, 2019, my wife Candice and I took a long road trip in the mountains of Eastern Kentucky.  We left home at about 8:30am and never got back until about 7:15pm.  I drove 289 miles across parts of seven counties, Morgan, Wolfe, Breathitt, Perry, Leslie, Harlan, and Letcher.  We covered a lot of ground and still got a lot done, met one or two interesting people, had a pretty good lunch, and still got home in time to watch Jeopardy.  I will post just three or four photos on this blog post and will write at least two other posts about specific sites we visited with a lot more photos specific to those sites on the blog posts about them.  The original intent was to see the Kentucky Coal Museum in Benham, Kentucky, and for Candice to be able to say she had been to the top of Black Mountain and had been to Harlan County.  Actually, by the time we had made it home, we had been across the two biggest mountains in Kentucky, Black Mountain and Pine Mountain.  And, due to the time and distance, we did not get to stop and see several, perhaps many, of the things we would have liked to see such as the statue in tribute to Mary Breckinridge and the Frontier Nursing Service and the Hurricane Creek Mine Disaster Memorial both in Hyden .  We also had thought about trying to see the Portal 31 Exhibition Mine but it is not possible for Candice to see it in her wheelchair and I decided to try to do more of other, more accessible things.  I do plan to return to Harlan County sometime soon, see some of the things I had missed and shoot some photos in the old coal camps we saw such as Harlan, Lynch, Benham, Loyall, and Evarts. Lynch is actually one of the more preserved sections of coal camp homes I have seen.  We were also struck by the similarity of one section of the street in Lynch to that in Wayland, Kentucky, in Floyd County.  Even with modern remodels, many of the homes in both coal camps are built along a very similar and basic coal company plan. 

Pro-UMWA Poster, Photo by Roger D. Hicks

We left home through Cannel City, KY, actually another old coal camp town, and passed through Jackson and Breathitt County, Hazard and Perry County, Hyden and Leslie County, and finally got to Harlan about lunch time.  We had seen an Indian restaurant advertised on the internet known as "Little India" and wanted to have lunch there but we couldn't find it.  We did find a police officer on duty in Loyall, KY, and asked him.  He grinned and said, "She changed the name of it to "Good Eats" because people around here...".  I interrupted and said, "...wouldn't eat Indian food."  We had a chuckle about it and he said, "I was eating there just this week.  People said it was too spicy but it's not really."  I thanked him and we went back to Good Eats which we had actually seen while searching for Little India.  We went in and found a local Caucasian woman behind the counter and met the wonderfully friendly Indian-American female owner a bit later.  She actually grew up in Oklahoma City and was raised, as she put it, "By  my grandmother and she was a very traditional Indian Muslim woman."  There was only one Indian item on the menu, Chicken Tikka Masala, which we both had while nearly everybody around us ate fish.  When I told what the police officer said, the owner said "He eats here a lot."  The server told us to choose a degree of hotness somewhere from 1 to 10.  Candice chose 3 and I chose 6.  I could not have handled 7 but I liked the food except for the fact that it was served in Styrofoam containers with plastic utensils.  But the overall impression I got from the encounter is that I am glad this woman came to Harlan and I never asked her why.  But it is great to see a friendly, intelligent, welcoming Muslim raised Indian-American woman helping to spread brotherhood around Southeastern Kentucky.

Candice Hicks In The Fountain at Mine Museum, Photo By Roger D. Hicks

After lunch, we toured the Coal Mine Museum, went to the top of Black Mountain and headed toward Kingdom Come State Park where I hiked an hour along the primitive road, actually known as the Little Shepherd Trail, which runs from the park to Whitesburg, KY, fourteen miles away.  It is the heart of bear country and has cautionary signs posted everywhere.  During my hike which must have been three to four miles along the ridge, I never saw any wildlife of any kind and got back home to learn that one of my old high school teachers had a bear in her yard in Knott County that day.  But I never saw bear, elk, deer, coyote, bobcat, fox, coon, possum, rabbit, or squirrel for the entire hike.

I Always Wanted A Photo With A Long Legged Cheerleader, Photo by Candice Hicks

Then we left the area on US119 to Whitesburg, turned on KY 15 South through Isom and on to Hazard and Jackson.  I will write more about this trip on separate blog posts about the individual sites we saw, so please come back and look for those posts.

Poster For The Day Hank Williams Died, Photo By Roger D. Hicks